北京暑假托福集训班

托福综合写作的方法

托福综合写作的方法。托福综合写作的第二个部分要求考生有改写能力。这是考生就要掌握好句子的改写能力。这里为大家介绍了两种改写方法，希望能够帮助到大家。　　第一，使用不同的词汇　　a.使用同义词，比如以下的一些写作高频词汇的同义词，你一定要掌握，出现的尤为频繁。　　important→essential, crucial, vital, significant,　　think→claim, believe, consider, deem, figureout　　nowadays→currently, at present, now, recently, in recent years, these days　　b.改变词性，这是一种稍微难一些的方法，要求你的语法基础非常好，你才能灵活自如的运用。　　n. → v.　　Eg：When we look at a comparisonbetween A and B…　　When we compare A and B…　　Adj. → n.　　There are a variety of solutionsto the problem.　　There are various solutions to the problem.　　c. 使用不同的承接词。承接词在文章当中的使用相当频繁，不仅是段落和段落的连接，还包括句子和句子的连接。背住一些常用的承接词比你的改写将会有极大的作用。　　because of → due to, owing to, because, as, since, for　　but → however, nevertheless, nonetheless, whereas　　so → therefore, hence, thus, consequently　　d.形容词的逆向表达。在某些形容词上进行修改，会达到非比寻常的效果。　　Eg: not as easy as…→more difficult than…　　Not uncommon→common　　The cheapest → the least expensive　　第二，使用不同的句型　　a. 改变词序。这是非常简单的一种方法，完全不用动脑筋就可以进行改写。常常将句子中的状语(包括状语从句)换位置。　　Eg: For many years, people have believed ….　　→People believed… for many years.　　After this programhas been solved, work on … can continue.　　b. 主动语态和被动语态的互相替换　　Eg: Trained scientists performed this research.　　→This research was performed by trained scientists.　　c. 使用“there be” 句型，可以将一个简单句，马上变成一个加入定语从句或者分词的复杂句。　　Eg: Several computer programs can be used to solvethis problem.　　→There are several computer programs that can be used to solve this problem.　　或There are several computer programs used to solve this problem.　　d. 定语从句，分词和插入语的互相替换　　Eg: Study…, conductedby sociologists in 2004, shows that…　　→Study…, which was conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…　　Eg: This…, which is one of the most powerful … in the world, has…　　→This…, one of the most powerful… in the world, has…　　接下来，Cite，即引用。综合写作乃客观写作，只是一个旁观者的角度对这两篇文章的内容进行描述，因此，某观点是出自哪篇文章一定要说清楚。所以，下面的这些句型在综合写作中必不可缺。　　a.According to+noun.　　Eg: According to the passage/lecture/author/professor,…　　b.Subject+verbs of reporting +that clause　　Eg: The author tells/reports/suggests/explains/says/argues/states/indicates/claims/points out/thinks/believes that…　　或The speaker agrees/disagrees/rejects/disputes/challenges/takes a different view….　　c. As is indicated/displayed/illustratedin the passage/lecture,...　　最后，在托福综合写作当中，考生还应多使用连接，具体来讲就是承接词的使用，这也是托福综合写作当中十分重要的。　　将文章当中的重要信息连接起来，体现作者对于两篇文章的理解正确，说明作者的思路清楚。由于综合写作是对两篇文章的比较，所以下面表对比和递进的承接词使用的最频繁。　　a.Transitional words showing contrast: however, on the other hand, in contrast, on the contrary　　b.Transitional words showing addition: moreover, furthermore, in addition, besides, as well